COVID-19 and Cholinergic Anti-inflammatory Pathway: In silico Identification of an Interaction between alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor and the Cryptic Epitopes of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoproteins

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Author(s)

Author Name

George Lagoumintzis

Published 1 Project

COVID-19 Immunology SARS-CoV-2 Spike Cr3022

Christos Chasapis

Published 1 Project

COVID-19 Immunology SARS-CoV-2 Spike Cr3022

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Nikolaos Alexandris

Published 1 Project

COVID-19 Immunology SARS-CoV-2 Spike Cr3022

Socrates Tzartos

Published 1 Project

COVID-19 Immunology SARS-CoV-2 Spike Cr3022

Elias Eliopoulos

Published 1 Project

COVID-19 Immunology SARS-CoV-2 Spike Cr3022

Konstantinos Farsalinos

Published 1 Project

COVID-19 Immunology SARS-CoV-2 Spike Cr3022

Konstantinos Poulas

Published 1 Project

COVID-19 Immunology SARS-CoV-2 Spike Cr3022

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SARS-CoV-2 is the coronavirus that originated in Wuhan in December 2019 and has spread globally. The observation of a low prevalence of smokers among hospitalized COVID-19 patients has led to the development of a hypothesis that nicotine could have protective effects by enhancing the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Based on clinical data and on modelling and docking experiments we have previously presented the potential interaction between SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), due to a "toxin-like" epitope on the Spike Glycoprotein, with homology to a sequence of a snake venom toxin. We here present that this epitope coincides with the well-described cryptic epitope for the human antibody CR3022 and with the epitope for the recently described COVA1-16 antibody. Both antibodies are recognizing neighboring epitopes, are not interfering with the ACE2 protein and are not able to inhibit SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infections. In this study we present the molecular complexes of both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoproteins, at their open or closed conformations, with the molecular model of the human α7 nAChR. We found that the interface of all studied protein complexes involves a large part of the "toxin-like" sequences of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoproteins and toxin binding site of human α7 nAChR. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.

COVID-19
COVID-19 47 Projects
Immunology
Immunology 63 Projects
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 42 Projects
Spike
Spike 2 Projects
Cr3022
Cr3022 2 Projects
Molecular Modelling
Molecular Modelling 1 Project
Glycoprotein
Glycoprotein 1 Project
Nachrs
Nachrs 1 Project
Cryptic Epitope
Cryptic Epitope 1 Project