A microfabricated, 3D-sharpened silicon shuttle for insertion of flexible electrode arrays through dura mater into brain

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Author(s)

Author Name

Hannah R. Joo

Published 4 Projects

Neuroscience

Jiang Lan Fan

Published 3 Projects

Neuroscience

Supin Chen

Published 2 Projects

Neuroscience

Jeanine A. Pebbles

Published 1 Project

Neuroscience

Hexin Liang

Published 3 Projects

Neuroscience

Jason E Chung

Published 5 Projects

Neuroscience

Allison M. Yorita

Published 1 Project

Neuroscience

Angela C Tooker

Published 2 Projects

Neuroscience

Vanessa M Tolosa

Published 2 Projects

Neuroscience

Charlotte Geaghan-Breiner

Published 3 Projects

Neuroscience

Demetris K. Roumis

Published 3 Projects

Neuroscience

Daniel F Liu

Razi Haque

Published 1 Project

Neuroscience

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Loren Frank

Professor at University of California, San Francisco

Field of Study: Biology , Published 30 Projects

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Electrode arrays for chronic implantation in the brain are a critical technology in both neuroscience and medicine. Recently, flexible, thin-film polymer electrode arrays have shown promise in facilitating stable, single-unit recordings spanning months in rats. While array flexibility enhances integration with neural tissue, it also requires removal of the dura mater, the tough membrane surrounding the brain, and temporary bracing to penetrate the brain parenchyma. Durotomy increases brain swelling, vascular damage, and surgical time. Insertion using a bracing shuttle results in additional vascular damage and brain compression, which increase with device diameter; while a higher-diameter shuttle will have a higher critical load and more likely penetrate dura, it will damage more brain parenchyma and vasculature. One way to penetrate the intact dura and limit tissue compression without increasing shuttle diameter is to reduce the force required for insertion by sharpening the shuttle tip. We describe a novel design and fabrication process to create silicon insertion shuttles that are sharp in three dimensions and can penetrate rat dura, for faster, easier, and less damaging implantation of polymer arrays. Sharpened profiles are obtained by reflowing patterned photoresist, then transferring its sloped profile to silicon with dry etches. We demonstrate that sharpened shuttles can reliably implant polymer probes through dura to yield high quality single unit and local field potential recordings for at least 95 days. On insertion directly through dura, tissue compression is minimal. This is the first demonstration of a rat dural-penetrating array for chronic recording. This device obviates the need for a durotomy, reducing surgical time and risk of damage to the blood-brain barrier. This is an improvement to state-of-the-art flexible polymer electrode arrays that facilitates their implantation, particularly in multi-site recording experiments. This sharpening process can also be integrated into silicon electrode array fabrication.

Neuroscience
Neuroscience 179 Projects